Acid-base balance; chemistry, physiology, pathophysiology (Hills, A. Gorman)

Acid-base balance: part II. Pathophysiology.

OBJECTIVE To review the normal human acid-base physiology and the pathophysiology and management of acid-base disturbances in a two-part presentation. DATA SOURCES Articles and published peer-review abstracts and a review of studies reported from 1990 to 2000 and identified through a MEDLINE search of the English language literature on acid-base balance. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Acid-base disorder...

QuantItatIve acId - Base chemIstry and PhysIology

Pathophysiology of acid base balance: the theory practice relationship.

There are many disorders/diseases that lead to changes in acid base balance. These conditions are not rare or uncommon in clinical practice, but everyday occurrences on the ward or in critical care. Conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (bronchitis or emphasaemia), diabetic ketoacidosis, renal disease or failure, any type of shock (sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic, car...

Basic sciences review Acid-Base Balance: Part I. Physiology

Objective: To review the normal human acid-base physiology and the pathophysiology and management of acid-base disturbances in a two-part presentation. Data sources: Articles and published peer-review abstracts and a review of studies reported from 1990 to 2000 and identified through a MEDLINE search of the English language literature on acid-base balance. Summary of review: In a healthy indivi...

Physiology of acid-base balance: links with kidney stone prevention.

Two processes permit the urine pH and the medullary interstitial pH to remain in an "ideal range" to minimize the risk of forming kidney stones. First, a medullary shunt for NH(3) maintains the urine pH near 6.0 to minimize uric acid precipitation when distal H(+) secretion is high. Second, excreting dietary alkali excreting alkali as a family of organic anions--including citrate--rather than a...